SAT vs ACT, and which is right for you (with resources)
The SAT consists of four sections: Reading, Writing & Language, Math (with a calculator), and Math (no calculator). There is also an optional essay, though it has been phased out in most test administrations. The SAT lasts for 3 hours, with an additional 50 minutes for the optional essay. It is scored on a scale of 400 to 1600, combining the Reading/Writing and Math sections. The SAT emphasizes evidence-based reading, complex math problems, and understanding context in reading passages.
On the other hand, the ACT includes four sections: English, Math, Reading, and Science, with an optional Writing section. The ACT is 2 hours and 55 minutes long, with an additional 40 minutes for the optional essay. It is scored on a scale of 1 to 36, with each section contributing equally to the final score. The ACT tests more straightforward math questions, has a faster pace in reading, and includes a unique Science section, which assesses interpretation, analysis, and problem-solving.
One of the key differences between the SAT and the ACT is the test style and question type. The SAT is known for its focus on critical thinking and problem-solving, with questions that are often more complex, requiring careful reading and interpretation. In contrast, the ACT tends to be more direct in its questioning style, with a faster pace, especially in the Reading section, where students must answer questions quickly. Although debatable,
Another difference lies in the Math section. The SAT divides its math section into two parts: one allowing calculator use and one without. It emphasizes algebra, problem-solving, and data analysis, with a few questions on advanced math topics. The ACT covers a broader range of topics, including more geometry and trigonometry, and allows calculator use throughout.
A unique feature of the ACT is its Science section, which the SAT does not have. The ACT’s Science section tests your ability to interpret graphs, experiments, and scientific hypotheses. This section doesn’t require specific scientific knowledge but rather focuses on reasoning skills. While the SAT doesn’t have a dedicated Science section, scientific reasoning skills are tested through the Reading section.
Timing is another important consideration. The SAT generally provides more time per question, which can be advantageous for students who prefer to work at a slower, more deliberate pace. The ACT, by contrast, has a more rapid pace, requiring students to answer questions quickly and efficiently. Due to the easier questions on the ACT, its easier to train for speed.
When deciding which test is right for you, consider your strengths. If you excel in science and prefer straightforward questions, the ACT might be a better fit. If you’re stronger in critical reading and problem-solving, the SAT could be a better match. Taking practice tests for both exams can give you a feel for each and help you decide which one suits your test-taking style. Additionally, check the admissions requirements for the schools you’re interested in, as some colleges may have a preference for one test over the other, though most accept both.
For ACT preparation, there aren’t as many free resources, but ActACT is the best free preparation. It provides lessons for all ACT topics, sample questions, indivial section practice questions from real tests, and multiple full practice tests. It also gives good schedules to follow and a For SAT preparation, Khan Academy offers free, personalized practice based on your PSAT/NMSQT results. The College Board website provides sample questions, test-day tips, and registration information. Popular SAT prep books include 'The Official SAT Study Guide' by College Board and 'SAT Prep Plus' by Kaplan.
Both the SAT and ACT have unique challenges and benefits. The best way to choose is to understand your strengths, take practice tests, and see which exam aligns better with your skills and test-taking style. Remember, colleges do not prefer one test over the other, so choose the one that allows you to showcase your abilities most effectively.